Piriformis syndrome is a condition which is the result of compression of the sciatic nerve around the piriformis muscle. Symptoms may include pain and numbness in the gluteal region and down the leg. Often symptoms are worsened with sitting or running.
Signs and symptoms
Most commonly, patients describe acute tenderness in the buttock and sciatica-like pain down the back of the thigh, calf and foot. Typical piriformis syndrome symptoms may include:
Pathophysiology When the piriformis muscle shortens or spasms due to trauma or overuse, it can compress or strangle the sciatic nerve beneath the muscle. Generally, conditions of this type are referred to as nerve entrapment or as entrapment neuropathies; Cpe - Ceu Professional Development for Remedial Massage Therapist
It has been theorized that people who regularly exercise by running, bicycling, and other forward-moving activities may be more susceptible to developing piriformis syndrome if they do not engage in lateral stretching and strengthening exercises. When not balanced by lateral movement of the legs, repeated forward movements can lead to disproportionately weak hip abductors and tight adductors.
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